Agricultural Literacy Curriculum Matrix

Students will explore appropriate serving size and learn how to make good dietary decisions by understanding the components of nutrition as illustrated by MyPlate. Grades 6-8

MyPlate: nutritional guide published by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA); icon depicting a place setting with a plate and glass divided into five food groups

The USDA MyPlate icon uses a familiar and relatable image to help us balance our diets, eating from all five food groups proportionally. MyPlate identifies each of the food groups with a different color and a proportional section of the meal setting. The icon provides a visual reminder to make half of your plate fruits and vegetables. The USDA dietary guidelines include a few more basic recommendations to help Americans make healthy food choices: eat a variety of different fruits and vegetables, make half of your grains whole grains, eat a variety of protein foods, and choose low- and nonfat dairy products. Foods with added fats and sugar should be eaten only occasionally, and processed foods should be eaten in moderation.

The dietary guidelines recognize that the number of servings an individual needs to keep his or her body healthy will vary by age, sex, and physical activity. In addition to energy (calories), the food we eat also provides us with a variety of vitamins and minerals. These nutrients are important for our bodies to grow and develop in a healthy way. Each kind of food provides some, but not all, of the nutrients your body needs. For this reason it is difficult for foods in one group to replace foods in another group, and it is important to eat a variety of foods within each group. In addition, the more processed a food is, the fewer nutrients it is likely to have. Some highly processed foods like potato chips and donuts contain lots of calories but few nutrients, so it is best to limit consumption of processed foods.

What you drink is as important as what you eat. Soda, energy drinks, and sports drinks are a major source of added sugar in American diets. Sugary drinks contain added calories which may contribute to weight gain and health and dental risks. Nutrition fact labels help us to identify the amount of sugar, calories, and nutrients in our drinks.

Don’t forget that exercise is part of a healthy lifestyle too!

1. Prepare a basket with as many of the following items as you can find: apple, peanut, corn, beans, cantaloupe, green pepper, strawberry, carrot, potato, tomato, eggs, onion, watermelon, popcorn, rice, hot dogs, and ham. You may call on parents or volunteers to help provide these items. As an alternative, you could also use pictures or Food Models Kit (see Materials).
2. Call on students to choose an item from the basket and tell why they chose this item. Ask students the following questions to help them connect the food they eat each day to the farm(s) that produce it:
   • Do you like to eat this type of vegetable, fruit, or meat? 
   • Where can you purchase these items?  
   • How do these items get to the grocery store?
   • How are these foods grown?
   • Who grows these foods?
   • What would you eat if farmers didn't grow these foods?

Activity 1: Choose MyPlate

1. Review MyPlate with students, and discuss the role of nutrition in growth and development.
2. Provide each student with materials: crayons, scissors, glue, paper plates and an assortment of grocery store ads and other food pictures.
3. Ask students to create their own replica of MyPlate by sectioning off their plate with the different food groups. Include a paper circle cut-out to the side for dairy. It may be helpful to display the MyPlate Activity Poster so that students can reference it to create their own plate.
4. Have students cut out foods from the grocery store ads and food pictures and glue them onto their plate to create a healthy “meal.”
5. Discuss the importance of balance in a diet and making healthy choices. Ask students if the meals they created with food cut outs represent a balanced meal. How many servings did they include in each food group? How many of the foods they chose are highly processed?
6. Identify serving sizes of various foods in each food group. The Food Models Kit (see Materials)  is an excellent resource for providing a visual representation of serving sizes. If you use the Food Models, have students place them on their plate in the correct food group, building a meal in which approximately half of the servings come from fruits and vegetables. If you do not wish to use Food Models, information on portion sizes can be found on myplate.gov, and serving size equivalents that are easy to visualize can be found on the Nourish Interactive website.
7. Provide students with grocery ads and shopping lists that call for specific quantities of five items included in the ads.
8. Have students complete the activities on the accompanying Healthy Choices activity sheet.
   • Answer key to hamburger servings: bun = 2 grain servings, 1/2 cup onion & tomato = 1 vegetable serving, 1 oz. cheese = 2/3 milk serving, 3 oz. beef patty = 1 meat serving.

Activity 2: Think Your Drink

1. Ask the students to name different drink choices, and list their responses on the board. 
2. Show the class some beverage containers. Ask the students how we can tell if drinks are healthy or not. Show the locations of the nutrition fact labels on the containers. Explain that we can look at the nutrition fact labels to determine whether or not drinks are healthy. These labels tell us what ingredients are inside our drinks and how many calories, sugars, fats, vitamins, and minerals the drinks contain.
3. Provide each student with a copy of the Think Your Drink chart or project the chart for the whole class to see. Explain to the students that when choosing healthy drinks they should specifically consider the amount of calories and sugars compared to vitamins and minerals. 
4. Ask the students to use the Think Your Drink chart to determine which drinks on the class list are healthy choices. Explain that water, low-fat milk, and 100% juice are healthy drink choices. Water is essential for our bodies and contains no sugar or calories. Low-fat milk contains calcium which is important for overall health. When we aren’t getting enough calcium in our diets, our bodies take calcium from our bones, which causes our bones to weaken. 100% juice provides us with important vitamins and minerals, but also contains natural sugars. Daily intake of 100% juice should be limited to 8 ounces for adults and 4-6 ounces for children. Eating whole fruits is a better option for obtaining these vitamins and minerals.

After conducting these activities, review and summarize the following key concepts:

• A healthy diet includes fruits, vegetables, grains, protein, and dairy.
• Farmers produce the food we eat.
• It's important to eat the right amount of each food group to obtain the nutrients our body needs.

• Eat & Move O-Matic
• Fill MyPlate Game
• Food Doesn't Grow in the Supermarket!
• Food Group Puzzle
• Food Models
• Higher or Lower: Ingredient Investigation
• How to Read Nutrition Facts - Food Labels Made Easy video
• MyPlate
• MyPlate Activity Poster
• Portion Size Comparison
• Portion Size Me & Portion Size Me Too DVDs
• The Power of Choice Bulletin Board